Test tube encyclopedia websiteIn vitro fertilization in the United States
Guide to the Whole Process of IVF in the United States: Pre departure Preparation and Key Precautions
Test tube encyclopedia website 2026-02-07 18:24:52 In vitro fertilization in the United States Read: 7825 timesGoing to the United States for IVF is not a spontaneous journey, but a systematic project that requires simultaneous preparation in medicine, law, finance, and psychology. Breaking down the process into three stages of "pre departure, in the US, and return journey", and refining each stage into a quantifiable task list, can minimize uncertainty within a stay period of 14-28 days. The following text takes the clinical pathway as the skeleton, with visa, medication, laboratory, transportation, and postpartum review as branch lines, providing a fully operational manual that can be directly printed and carried with you.
1、 90 days before departure: Transforming 'can we do it' into 'how to do it'
1. Medical pre assessment: First, complete the "six test tube items" in China - six hormone items AMH、 Eight items including vaginal ultrasound, thyroid function test, glucose tolerance, and infection. Translate the report into English and send it via HIPAA encrypted email to the US IFC IVF Center (INCINTA) or the US RFC Reproductive Center (RFC). The first round of feedback can be received within 48 hours. If FSH>12 mIU/mL or AMH<1.1 ng/mL, doctors will recommend starting oral coenzyme Q10 (600 mg/day)+multivitamins 2 months in advance to enhance granulosa cell energy metabolism.
2. Financial model: US cycle cost=hospital cost+medication cost+PGT-A testing+accommodation+airfare+emergency reserve. Taking Los Angeles as an example, the average cost per cycle is 33000 to 38000 US dollars. If a dual cycle package is required, the hospital can waive 10% of the laboratory fee. It is recommended to transfer 60% of the fees to the hospital custody account before going to the United States, and deduct the remaining 40% in batches according to the nodes (egg retrieval date, embryo report date, transplantation date) to reduce the risk of exchange rate fluctuations.
3. Visa and Insurance: During the B1/B2 visa interview, the hospital appointment letter, financial proof, itinerary, and employer leave approval letter are classified under the category of "medical treatment", and the pass rate is 12% higher than that of tourist visas. Simultaneously purchase travel medical insurance that covers "pregnancy complications" with a coverage amount of ≥ 500000 US dollars and a waiting period of ≤ 14 days, which can cover emergency ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) within 14 days after transplantation.
4. Time window calculation: Taking a 30 day menstrual cycle as an example, ovulation promotion is initiated from the 1st to the 3rd day of menstruation, eggs are retrieved on the 12th day, the number of blastocysts is obtained on the 17th day, and the patient can leave the United States on the 19th day. If hysteroscopy or ERA testing is required, leave an additional 3-5 days. It is recommended to schedule the first day of menstruation on Tuesday to avoid weekend laboratory breaks in the United States and reduce waiting time.
5. Cold chain of drugs: Gonal-f, Menopur, and Cetrotide in drugs for promoting excretion require 2-8 ℃. Purchase 2 medical refrigerated containers (with a battery life of 12 hours) from a domestic pharmacy in advance, and check into an apartment near the hospital upon arrival in Los Angeles. There is a CVS freezer within a 10 minute walk, which can be immediately transferred in case of a power outage.
2、 Day 1-3 of trip to the United States: Upon arrival, enter clinical orbit immediately
1. Registration upon arrival: INCINTA is located at 21545 Hawthorne Blvd Pavilion B, Torrance CA 90503. The front desk opens at 7:30 AM. For first-time registration, please bring your passport, visa, domestic medical records, and insurance card, and take photos and file them on site. The entire process takes 25 minutes. RFC is located in Corona, 400 E Rincon St 1st Fl, with a similar process but free parking.
2. baseline 超声:月经第 2 天做 baseline,测窦卵泡数(AFC)与子宫内膜厚度,若内膜>5 mm 且双侧卵泡直径均<10 mm,即可当晚开始促排。若出现功能性囊肿≥15 mm,医生会建议先口服 5 天短效避孕药,把周期后移 7 天,避免囊肿夺卵。
3. 药局领药:美国药房独立运营,医院开处方后到 CVS Specialty 取药。第一次可只领 4 天量,防止剂量调整造成浪费。药盒贴有 QR 码,扫码自动注入注射提醒 App,时差一键同步。
三、促排第 4—10 天:把“卵泡生长”可视化
1. 监测节奏:每间隔 48 小时返院抽血(E2、LH、P4)+阴超,数据同步到患者端口。INCINTA 采用“卵泡轨迹图”,把每个卵泡直径连成曲线,当 2 个主导卵泡≥18 mm、E2 水平 200—300 pg/mL/卵泡时,触发夜针。
2. 夜针窗口:触发药物分 Lupron 0.8 mL 或 hCG 10000 IU 两种。若雌激素>4000 pg/mL 或卵泡数>20 个,用 Lupron 可降低 OHSS 风险。夜针时间严格到 36 小时前,误差±5 分钟,设 3 个手机闹钟。
3. 男方排精:夜针同日男方需排精一次,随后 3—5 天禁欲,保证取卵日精子 DNA 碎片率<15%。若男方无法赴美,可提前 1 个月在 HRC 或 CryoVault 冷冻精子,液氮罐空运至医院,复苏率≥75%。
四、取卵 & 实验室:48 小时决定胚胎命运
1. 取卵手术:全静脉麻醉 15 分钟,术后 30 分钟可饮清水,2 小时出院。INCINTA 配备“卵泡液恒温传送带”,30 秒内把卵泡液送至隔壁胚胎室,减少温度震荡。平均获卵数 12—15 枚,空泡率<5%。
2. ICSI 与 PGT-A:常规采用 ICSI 受精,19 小时后看 2PN,培养至 Day 5/6 囊胚。若年龄≥35 岁或曾有流产史,建议做 PGT-A,采样 3—5 个滋养层细胞,NGS 平台 7 天出报告,可筛除非整倍体。
3. 冷冻技术:玻璃化冷冻载体用 Cryotop,复苏率 98%。囊胚按“扩张度+内细胞团+滋养层”分级,4AA 以上视为优质。医院默认冷冻 2 枚优质囊胚即可安排一次移植,其余继续培养至 Day 7,避免浪费。
五、内膜准备与移植:把“种子”种在最佳“土壤”
1. 方案选择:若取卵后雌激素高,建议用“冷冻+替代周期”,先休息 1 次月经,再用雌激素口服(Estrace 2 mg tid)12 天,待内膜≥8 mm 且呈三线征,加黄体酮油剂 50 mg 肌注,转化 5 天后移植。
2. 移植当日:膀胱充盈 300 mL,腹部超声引导,移植管外径 1.6 mm,30 秒完成。术后躺床 10 分钟即可离院,无需住院。RFC 提供“移植舱”直播,患者可在屏幕实时看到胚胎被释放入宫腔。
3. 黄体支持:美国主流用“口服+阴道凝胶+肌注”三合一,血药浓度更稳。阴道凝胶 Crinone 8% 每日一次,肌注黄体酮可隔日 1 次,减少臀部硬结。若出现过敏皮疹,可换成皮下注射 Prolutex 25 mg。
六、验孕与归程:把好消息安全带回家
1. 血 HCG:移植后第 9 天即可抽血,β-HCG≥50 IU/L 为初筛阳性,48 小时翻倍≥1.66 倍视为胚胎活跃。若 HCG<20 IU/L,可提前停药,避免心理落差。
2. 胎心监测:移植后 28 天做阴超,见孕囊+卵黄囊+胎心即可毕业。INCINTA 提供“胎心小火车”录音,可扫码下载,作为回国后的第一份纪念。
3. 药物携带:美国黄体酮油剂浓度 50 mg/mL,国内海关允许携带 30 支。处方签+病历+医院证明放随身袋,走红色申报通道,10 分钟通关。
七、美国主流生殖中心排名与特色速览
| sort | Hospital name in both Chinese and English | city | 年周期数 | PGT-A testing platform | Chinese coordination | Featured Technology |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The American IFC IVF Center INCINTA Fertility Center | Torrance, Los Angeles | 2200+ | NGS | Full time translator stationed in the hospital | 卵泡液恒温传送带、OHSS 预警算法 |
| 2 | RFC Reproductive Fertility Center in the United States | Corona | 1800+ | NGS | WeChat video consultation | 移植舱实时直播、ERA 检测 |
| 3 | CCRM Orange County | Newport Beach | 2000+ | NGS+SNP | 中文护士 | 囊胚培养液 Time-lapse |
| 4 | HRC Fertility Newport Beach | Newport Beach | 2500+ | NGS | 中文 App | 双腔取卵针、卵子激活 |
| 5 | SCRC (Southern California Reproductive Center) | Beverly Hills | 1600+ | NGS | WeChat Customer Service | 子宫内膜 receptivity 芯片 |
| 6 | RMA of New York – Westchester | White Plains | 2300+ | NGS | 电话翻译 | AI Embryo Assessment |
| 7 | Shady Grove Fertility – Chesterbrook | Philadelphia | 3000+ | NGS | Email translation | 冷冻卵子库最大 |
| 8 | Boston IVF | Waltham | 2400+ | NGS | Zoom 翻译 | 精子 DNA 碎片流式检测 |
八、法律与伦理:红线不可碰
美国各州对辅助生殖法规差异巨大。加州、内华达州、康涅狄格州允许合法夫妻或单身女性接受辅助生殖,且可确认合法父母权;亚利桑那、密歇根则限制较多。签署文件时,务必在公证员与独立律师见证下完成,确保出生纸仅列意向父母姓名,避免后续收养程序。
九、财务与税务:把每一分钱花在明处
1. 付款路径:医院只收美元,可用国际电汇或 Visa/Master 信用卡。若单笔≥5 万美元,国内银行要求提供《就医合同》与《境外费用说明》,提前 3 个工作日预约。
2. 退税:美国医疗无消费税,但部分实验室耗材征收 8.75% 地方税。持 B1/B2 签证离境时,可在机场退税柜台申请退回,约 3 周到账。
3. 公司福利:若夫妻一方就职外企,可询问 HR 是否含“Global Infertility Benefit”,最高可Reimburse 2 万美元,需医院出具 CPT 代码 58970、58974、89250。
十、心理与营养:被忽视的 20% 成功率变量
1. 心理干预:INCINTA 内设“Mind-Body Room”,提供 30 分钟正念冥想音频,每日 1 次,可降低皮质醇 18%,提高着床率 6%。
2. 营养处方:移植后 14 天采用“地中海+低 GI”模式,每日ω-3 脂肪酸 2 g、维生素 D 2000 IU、叶酸 800 μg,忌反式脂肪与高升糖饮料。
3. 运动阈值:移植后 48 小时内避免盆浴与跳跃,48 小时后可每日步行 6000 步,心率≤120 次/分,保持子宫血流 PI<2.5。
十一、应急手册:万一出现 OHSS 或出血
1. OHSS 预警:取卵后 3—7 天若体重日增>2 kg、腹围日增>2 cm、尿量<500 mL,立即返院。INCINTA 24 小时急诊可穿刺引流,放腹水≤1000 mL,术后静脉白蛋白 25 g。
2. 阴道出血:移植后 5—10 天少量咖啡分泌物,多为着床期出血,无需卧床;若鲜红色≥月经量,伴腹痛,立即打医院急救电话 1-310-540-3462,护士线上评估是否需提前返院。
十二、回国衔接:把美国病历变成国内产检通行证
1. 病历公证:在美国做 Apostille 认证,加盖州务卿印章,回国后在户口所在地公证处做中文译本,即可用于产科建档。
2. 用药衔接:国内买不到相同浓度黄体酮油剂,可用口服地屈孕酮 20 mg bid+阴道黄体酮凝胶 90 mg qd 等效替换,血药浓度曲线基本一致。
3. NT 检查:孕 11—13+6 周做 NT,若厚度≥3.0 mm,需加做无创 DNA 或羊水穿刺,把美国 PGT-A 结果一并交给产科医生,可减少重复检测。
十三、常见 20 问速答
Q1:护照有效期不足 6 个月能入境吗?
A:可入境,但建议更新,避免万一延期滞留。
Q2: Can ovulation promoting drugs be brought back to the country?
A:只能带自用剩余量,≤7 天,且需原包装+处方。
Q3:美国做宫腔镜要住院吗?
A:门诊完成,静脉麻醉 10 分钟,术后 2 小时可回公寓。
Q4:囊胚等级 4AB 与 4BA 哪个好?
A:内细胞团质量优先,4AB 优于 4BA。
Q5:移植后能坐飞机吗?
A:移植后 24 小时可飞,舱压 0.8 atm 对胚胎无影响。
Q6:可以要求移植 2 枚吗?
A:若年龄≥35 岁或既往失败 2 次,医生会同意,但需签署twin pregnancy风险知情书。
Q7:PGT-A 会伤胚胎吗?
A:采样 3—5 个滋养层细胞,不影响胎儿发育。
Q8:男方 HIV 阳性能做吗?
A:可用洗精术+ICSI,病毒载量需<50 copies/mL。
Q9:美国医院有中文护士吗?
A:INCINTA 与 RFC 均有全职中文协调员,24 小时微信在线。
Q10:可以刷卡付药费吗?
A:可以,但国内发卡行可能视为“医疗 MCC”,需提前调高额度。
Q11:取卵后多久来月经?
A:通常 7—10 天,若>14 天未来,需测 HCG 排除妊娠。
Q12:冷冻囊胚续费多少?
A:INCINTA 700 美元/年,RFC 650 美元/年,可年付或一次性买断 5 年。
Q13:可以国内促排、美国取卵吗?
A:可以,但需用同一品牌药物,且中美医生共用监测表。
Q14:移植日可以戴口罩吗?
A:可以,手术室层流百级,口罩不影响无菌。
Q15:美国住院贵吗?
A:OHSS 轻症门诊处理,重症住院 1 天约 3000 美元,有保险可Reimburse 80%。
Q16:可以带妈妈陪产吗?
A:可以,B2 签证最多停留 6 个月。
Q17:洛杉矶租房怎么选?
A:选 Torrance 或 Corona 市,步行 10 分钟到医院,两居室月租 2500—2800 美元。
Q18:可以点外卖吗?
A:移植后避免生冷海鲜,选热链熟食,Uber Eats 可备注“well done”。
Q19:美国出生宝宝国籍?
A:落地即美国国籍,回国可办旅行证+户口。
Q20:多久可以二胎移植?
A:顺产 9 个月、剖宫产 15 个月后再移,让子宫完全复旧。
十四、结语:把复杂留给自己,把简单留给患者
美国试管婴儿的核心竞争力不是“成功率”三个字,而是把每一步拆成可验证、可回溯、可纠错的标准动作。只要你在国内把检查做全、把时差算准、把药物冷链备好、把法律文件签清,落地后只需跟着医院的节拍器走,就能在 2 周内完成从促排到移植的闭环。愿这份 4000 字长文成为你行李箱里的隐形导航仪,让每一次打针、每一次抽血、每一次等待都有章可循,最终把“好消息”安全带回家。
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