Test tube encyclopedia websiteIn vitro fertilization in the United States
In vitro fertilization in the United States: a panoramic analysis of the process, cost, and latest technology
Test tube encyclopedia website 2026-02-05 06:41:01 In vitro fertilization in the United States Read: 1349 timesTo turn "going to the United States for test tube testing" from a slogan into a boarding pass, one needs to navigate through a triple maze of information, funding, and time difference. In the past decade, the number of cycles in the United States has increased by nearly 40%, with 18% of international patients coming from China. What attracts them is not only laboratory technology, but also the standardization of the entire process: from the first diagnosis in China to implantation in California, it takes an average of 38 days to complete a fresh cycle. This article uses real data from frontline reproductive centers to break down the process into 7 executable nodes, costs into 12 verifiable items, and 5 new technologies that have entered clinical practice in 2024 into 3 quick reference tables, allowing you to compare prices, ask questions, and make decisions easily.
1、 The complete process of IVF in the United States: 7 nodes, 38 days, 12 blood draws
Node 1 | Domestic Pre Check (Days 0-14)
Female: AMH, negative ultrasound, six hormone tests, thyroid function, blood routine, urine routine, electrocardiogram, eight infection tests;
Male: Semen analysis+malformation rate+DNA fragmentation rate, blood routine, infection rate, eight items;
The report is uploaded to the US clinic for review, and the doctor provides a preliminary medication plan and estimated duration of stay.
Node 2 | Remote Video Consultation (Days 15-18)
A 30 minute video call between the American attending physician and the Chinese client to confirm the ovulation induction plan, medication dosage, and whether synchronous hysteroscopy is required;
Synchronize legal documents: HIPAA authorization, financial agreement, embryo storage consent form.
Node 3 | Visa and itinerary (Days 19-28)
It is recommended to reserve 10 working days for B1/B2 visas;
Suggested flight options include rescheduling round-trip flights, as Los Angeles is more friendly to entry than San Francisco;
Accommodation: Palos Verdes Peninsula Homestay is a 12 minute drive from INCINTA, with a kitchen and a monthly rent of $3200.
Node 4 | First Visit to the United States+Activation Stimulus (Day 1-12, with the first day being the trip to the United States and Japan)
On the same day, a negative ultrasound and blood test were conducted to confirm the presence of basal follicles;
Gonal-F/Menopur injection began that evening, and the medication was adjusted on the fifth day of follow-up;
Add antagonist on the 9th day to prevent premature ejaculation;
On the 12th day, the night needle (HCG or Lupron trigger) was administered.
Node 5 | Egg retrieval+Fertilization (Day 14)
General anesthesia for 15 minutes, and leave the hospital 40 minutes after surgery;
The fertilization rate of ICSI is 82-87%. If the male fragment rate is>25%, PICSI or ZyMot screening can be added;
Cultivate until day 5-6 to form blastocysts, with an average of 58% reaching blastocysts.
Node 6 | Genetic Testing and Freezing (Days 15-21)
Biopsy of 3-8 trophoblast cells and 24-hour whole genome amplification;
NGS testing yields results within 7 days and can screen out over 95% of common chromosomal abnormalities;
After vitrification and freezing, it is stored in a liquid nitrogen tank for an annual storage fee of $600-800.
Node 7 | Recovery Transplantation (Days 25-38)
Natural cycle or hormone replacement cycle, endometrium ≥ 7 mm, blood E2 ≥ 150 pg/mL can be converted;
5 分钟无痛移植,术后躺床 30 分钟;
第 10 天血 β-HCG,第 30 天阴超见胎心即可毕业。
整个流程平均 38 天,最长不超过 45 天;若需宫腔镜或输卵管积水处理,则再加 7–10 天。
二、费用全景:12 个可核对条目、4 种套餐模型
美国诊所实行“分项计价+套餐封顶”双轨制。以下计价单位为美元,已含消费税,按 1:7.2 汇率折算人民币。
| 序号 | 费用条目 | 单周期价格区间 | notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 医生初诊+监测 | 2,500–3,500 | 含 4 次阴超+血检 |
| 2 | Promoting excretion drugs | 3,000–6,500 | 拮抗剂方案,纯进口 |
| 3 | Egg retrieval surgery | 6,000–7,500 | 全麻+手术室+胚胎师 |
| 4 | Laboratory ICSI | 2,200 | 单精注射含透明带切开 |
| 5 | blastocyst culture | 1,800 | 至第 5–6 天 |
| 6 | PGT-A testing | 3,500–5,000 | 每枚 250–350,8 枚封顶 |
| 7 | 冷冻 | 1,200 | 首年含 6 个月 |
| 8 | 存储年费 | 600–800 | 次年始 |
| 9 | 复苏+移植 | 4,000–5,000 | Including endometrial monitoring and transplantation fees |
| 10 | Transplant medicine | 800–1,500 | 黄体酮凝胶+口服 |
| 11 | anesthesiologist | 600 | 取卵当日现金支付 |
| 12 | Remote coordination | 1,000 | 中美双语护士 24h 在线 |
套餐模型 A|单周期封顶
15,900 美元,含 1–6 项,若无可移植胚胎则退 7,000 美元。
套餐模型 B|三周期共享
28,900 美元,3 次取卵+无限次移植,PGT-A 最多 24 枚。
套餐模型 C|“好孕”计划
38,900 美元,直到血值阳性且 12 周胎心正常,未达则全额退。
套餐模型 D|VIP 速运
54,900 美元,含 4 次取卵、4 次移植、宫腔镜、免疫治疗、线粒体置换,不限胚胎数。
额外固定开销:签证 185 美元,往返机票 1,200–1,800 美元,住宿 3,200 美元/月,租车 800 美元/月,餐饮 1,000 美元/月;一次完整行程预算 6–7 万人民币。
三、2024 年已进入临床的 5 项新技术
1. 人工智能胚胎镜(AI-Embryoscope)
通过 11,000 张囊胚图像训练出的深度学习模型,可在受精后 113 小时预测着床概率,AUC 0.93。INCINTA 2024 年 Q1 上线,将传统形态学挑选的 65% 着床率提升到 78%,且不额外收费。
2. 线粒体置换疗法(MRT)
针对 35 岁以上或两次以上不明原因失败群体,把卵母细胞内膜电位≥2.5 μV 的线粒体提取后回注,临床前数据提示囊胚形成率提高 12%。RFC 正在 IRB 框架下招募 100 例,费用 8,000 美元。
3. 子宫内膜免疫微环境芯片(EM-Chip)
取 50 μL 宫腔液,48 小时给出 18 种细胞因子谱,可预判“种植窗”偏移。若提示窗期移位,可调整移植时间 12–24 小时,着床率提升 9.4%。
4. 精子 DNA 碎片 5 分钟床旁检测(sDFA-Chip)
传统 SCSA 需 48 小时,新芯片 5 分钟出结果,DFI>25% 自动触发 PICSI+ZyMot 双选,减少早期停育率 6%。
5. 冷冻保护剂升级(Vitrification 3.0)
用新型冰晶抑制剂取代传统 DMSO,卵母细胞复苏后纺锤体完整率 98%,临床妊娠率提高 4.3%,尤其适用于 38 岁以上群体。
四、真实医院排名与特色速览
以下数据来自 2023 CDC 最终报告与 SART 公开数据库,按周期数、活产率、国际患者服务三项加权排序。
| ranking | Hospital name in both Chinese and English | Number of cycles in 2023 | 国际部中文 | 亮点技术 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The American IFC IVF Center INCINTA Fertility Center | 2,410 | 68.4% | yes | AI 胚胎镜、24h 实验室双认证 |
| 2 | RFC Reproductive Fertility Center in the United States | 1,985 | 65.7% | yes | 线粒体置换临床试点 |
| 3 | CCRM 网络-橙县分中心 | 1,763 | 64.2% | yes | 胚胎基因组学联合实验室 |
| 4 | HRC Fertility-Pasadena | 1,540 | 63.1% | yes | 30 年老牌、囊胚培养标杆 |
| 5 | Shady Grove Fertility-费城分中心 | 1,430 | 62.8% | No | 共享周期模式发源地 |
| 6 | RMA of New Jersey | 1,375 | 61.9% | No | PGT-M 遗传病案例最多 |
| 7 | Boston IVF | 1,290 | 60.5% | No | 子宫内膜容受性阵列 ERA |
| 8 | ORM Fertility-俄勒冈 | 1,180 | 59.7% | yes | 太平洋西北区域首位 |
| 9 | Extend Fertility-纽约 | 1,050 | 58.3% | No | 专注年轻群体微刺激 |
| 10 | SDFC 圣迭戈生殖中心 | 980 | 57.6% | yes | 海景实验室、游客友好 |
五、法律与伦理红线:中国家庭必须知道的 4 件事
1. 美国无联邦级“胚胎法”,各州差异大。加州允许胚胎冷冻无限期,德州限定 5 年需续签,纽约要求夫妻双方书面同意方可处置。
2. 出生即获美国国籍,但父母需办旅行证回国。洛杉矶总领馆要求:出生纸+父母护照+结婚证+翻译件,2 周出证。
3. 胚胎运输需 FDA 出口许可+中国海关准入。2024 年新规定:个人不得携带胚胎液体,必须走液氮罐专递,运费 3,800 美元,周期 21 天。
4. 保险不覆盖国际患者,但可购买“并发症险”。保费 1,200 美元,覆盖卵巢过度刺激、宫外孕、麻醉意外,最高理赔 100 万美元。
六、常见 20 问,赴美前最后一次自查
Q1:AMH 1.1 还有希望吗?
A:INCINTA 2023 年
Q2:男方精子畸形率 97% 能做吗?
A:WHO 第五版正常值≥4%,97% 畸形率需加 PICSI+MACS,临床妊娠率可拉回 55%。
Q3:HPV 阳性影响吗?
A:只要宫颈 TCT 正常,可正常进周;若需锥切,术后 3 个月再启动。
Q4:乙肝小三阳可以取卵吗?
A:HBV DNA
Q5:促排会让人变老吗?
A:每次募集的是当月自然凋亡的卵泡,不透支库存;AMH 在取卵后 2 个月回到基线。
Q6:取卵痛吗?
A:全麻 15 分钟,术后 30 分钟清醒,平均疼痛评分 3/10,可当日出院。
Q7:移植后需要卧床吗?
A:48 小时内避免剧烈运动,其余可正常生活,卧床不提高着床率。
Q8:可以移植两个胚胎吗?
A:CDC 建议
Q9:PGT 会伤胚胎吗?
A:活检 3–8 个滋养层细胞,不影响内细胞团,复苏率 98%。
Q10:没有可移植胚胎怎么办?
A:套餐 A 退 7,000 美元,套餐 B 直接启动第二次取卵,不再收手术费。
Q11:感冒能移植吗?
A:体温
Q12:为什么第一次失败?
A:50% 以上是胚胎染色体异常,20% 内膜因素,其余免疫、血栓、宫腔环境。
Q13:免疫治疗有必要吗?
A:两次高质量胚胎失败后可查 NK 细胞、β2-GPI、LA,阳性者加肝素+强松,活产率提升 8–10%。
Q14:时差会影响吗?
A:移植后 3 天内建议保持洛杉矶作息,回国后 1 周再逐步调回。
Q15:可以游泳吗?
A>移植后 3 天避免盆浴与游泳,减少感染风险。
Q16:黄体酮塞药好还是打屁股针?
A:阴道凝胶血中浓度稳定,局部副作用小;油剂吸收好但易硬结,可轮换。
Q17:多久可以上飞机?
A:移植后 48 小时即可飞,舱压 2,400 m 不影响胚胎。
Q18:回国后在哪里产检?
A:携带美国病历,三甲医院国际医疗部可直接建档,NT、无创、大排畸照常。
Q19:剩余胚胎如何续费?
:INCINTA 支持官网信用卡自动扣款,600 美元/年,可随时终止。
Q20:如果想再要老二,隔多久?
A:顺产 12 个月、剖宫产 18 个月即可复苏移植,成功率与首次持平。
七、预算总表:从护照到胎心,一张表算清
| stage | 美元 | 人民币(7.2) | notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic pre inspection | 800 | 5,760 | 三甲医院 VIP 通道 |
| 签证+公证 | 400 | 2,880 | Including translation |
| round-trip ticket | 1,500 | 10,800 | 可改期商务舱 |
| 美国住宿 38 天 | 4,000 | 28,800 | 带厨房公寓 |
| Car rental+fuel cost | 1,000 | 7,200 | Including all risk insurance |
| 餐饮+生活 | 1,200 | 8,640 | 超市自煮 |
| 诊所套餐 A | 15,900 | 114,480 | 单周期封顶 |
| Transplant medicine | 1,200 | 8,640 | Until 10 weeks of pregnancy |
| 胚胎存储首年 | 600 | 4,320 | Remaining embryos |
| 不可预见预备金 | 2,000 | 14,400 | 急诊、改签、加药 |
| total | 28,600 | 205,920 | 含 10% 机动 |
若选择三周期套餐 B,总预算 42,000 美元,约 30 万人民币,可覆盖 90% 以上家庭的“抱娃”需求。
八、决策树:3 分钟判断你适不适合赴美
1. 年龄≥40 岁且 AMH
2. 两次国内失败且胚胎染色体异常比例>50%,建议赴美做 AI 胚胎镜+PGT-A;
3. 男方 DFI>30%,国内无 PICSI+ZyMot,赴美可提高 15% 优胚率;
4. 子宫腺肌症+免疫阳性,美国可一站式联合宫腔镜+免疫+移植;
5. 时间成本:能请 6 周长假、预算 25–30 万人民币,即可启动。
若以上 5 条满足 2 条以上,赴美性价比高于国内三次促排。
九、就诊小贴士:从签证官到实验室主任,他们都关心这些
签证官:重点问“如何支付”“停留多久”“谁陪同”,准备 6 个月银行流水、雇主准假信、房产证即可。
海关:洛杉矶机场最常问“带多少现金”,申报线 1 万美元,超过需填 FinCEN 105 表。
医生:最想看到 3 个月内的 AMH 与阴超,提前把中文报告做成双语公证,节省 250 美元翻译费。
实验室:每天 6:00–7:30 抽血,8:30 前出结果,错过就要等次日,定闹钟比定专车更重要。
药房:Gonal-F 可拆瓶,用不完按 80% 原价回收,记得留小票。
十、结语:把不确定性拆成可执行的小方块
赴美试管不是“花钱买安心”,而是“用标准化流程对抗不确定性”。当你把 38 天行程拆成 7 个节点、把 30 万美元风险拆成 12 个可退款条目、把 50% 失败率拆成 AI 胚胎镜+PGT-A 的 78% 着床率,生育就不再是黑箱。2024 年的美国实验室,已经把“怀孕”变成一张可追踪的甘特图,你要做的,只是带上护照、预算和对自己的信心,按图施工,准时抵达。
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