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In depth understanding of in vitro fertilization in the United States: technology, success rate, and process

Test tube encyclopedia website 2025-08-10 22:16:13 American test tube Read: 8412 times

In today's era of rapid technological advancement, in vitro fertilization technology has brought hope to many families who aspire to have children. As a country with advanced medical technology, the United States has attracted much attention to its IVF technology. This article will delve into the relevant content of in vitro fertilization in the United States, including technical characteristics, success rate factors, applicable populations, process steps, and costs, providing you with a comprehensive analysis of in vitro fertilization in the United States.

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1、 The uniqueness of in vitro fertilization technology in the United States

（1） Advanced embryo culture technology

The United States is at the forefront of embryo culture in the world. Usually, IVF clinics in the United States will cultivate fertilized eggs into blastocysts, which has significant advantages over cultivating fertilized eggs into regular embryos on the third day. A blastocyst is an embryo formed by the development of a fertilized egg for 5 days, which undergoes a natural screening process during the cultivation process to become a blastocyst. If the chromosomes of the embryo are abnormal or the vitality of the embryo is not strong enough, the fertilized egg often stops developing or dies directly on the third day of development. So embryos that can develop into blastocysts are of good quality, with a higher implantation rate and a higher risk of pregnancy reactions. According to research, the success rate of in vitro fertilization with blastocyst transfer in the United States is 20 percentage points higher than that of regular embryos. For example, INCINTA Fertility Center has an advanced embryo culture laboratory that strictly controls the sealing, temperature, sterility, and other conditions of the culture dish, providing a good environment for the development of fertilized eggs into blastocysts.

（2） Cutting edge genetic screening technology

The third-generation IVF technology in the United States consists of two techniques: PGS (pre implantation genetic screening) and PGD (pre implantation genetic diagnosis). Before implantation, genetic screening and diagnosis of the blastocyst formed from the fertilized egg can accurately detect the genetic material of the embryo. Through PGS technology, 23 pairs of chromosomes in embryos can be screened one by one, analyzing whether their number and structure are normal, and selecting embryos with complete chromosomes; PGD technology can detect the genes of 125 genetic diseases, effectively avoiding the transmission of genetic diseases to the next generation. This technology not only improves the success rate of in vitro fertilization, but more importantly, ensures the health of babies from the root. For example, for some families with a family history of genetic diseases, the use of third-generation IVF technology in the United States can greatly reduce the risk of babies developing genetic diseases, allowing them to have a healthy child.

（3） Mature sperm washing technology

The gradient centrifugation sperm washing technology adopted by the United States is at a leading level globally. This technology is mainly used to separate factors in semen that are not conducive to fertilization, such as dead sperm, inflammatory cells, sperm antibodies, etc., in order to screen and extract high-quality sperm. This technology will not cause damage to healthy sperm, ensuring the vitality and quality of sperm, reducing the rate of embryo malformation, and providing strong guarantees for the subsequent fertilization process. Especially for men with reproductive system diseases or poor sperm quality, sperm washing technology is one of the key links to improve the success rate of in vitro fertilization.

2、 Factors affecting the success rate of in vitro fertilization in the United States

（1） Patient age

Patient age is one of the key factors affecting the success rate of in vitro fertilization. For young women, especially those under the age of 35, the success rate of in vitro fertilization is relatively high, reaching 60% -70%. This is because young women usually have better ovarian function and egg quality, with a relatively ideal quantity and quality of eggs, which can provide a good foundation for fertilization and embryonic development. However, as women age, especially those over 40 years old, the success rate of in vitro fertilization significantly decreases, sometimes dropping below 10%. This is because as age increases, the number and quality of eggs gradually decrease, and the probability of chromosomal abnormalities increases, leading to a decrease in embryo quality, implantation rate, and pregnancy rate.

（2） Embryo quality

The quality of embryos is directly related to the success rate of in vitro fertilization. As mentioned earlier, advanced embryo culture and genetic screening technologies in the United States can help screen out high-quality embryos. After blastocyst culture and genetic screening, embryos with normal chromosomes and good developmental potential have a higher implantation rate and pregnancy success rate. On the contrary, if the embryo has chromosomal abnormalities or developmental defects, even if transplanted into the uterus, it is difficult to successfully implant or maintain pregnancy.

（3） Medical institutions and doctors' expertise

There are differences in the experience, technology, and laboratory equipment used by different medical institutions and doctors in the field of in vitro fertilization, which can also affect the success rate. Choosing experienced and technologically advanced clinics and doctors is crucial. Professional institutions like INCINTA Fertility Center have a professional team composed of reproductive experts, embryologists, and others with rich clinical experience and exquisite skills. They can provide personalized treatment plans for patients, strictly controlling every link from ovulation induction, egg retrieval, fertilization to embryo transfer, thereby improving the success rate of in vitro fertilization.

3、 Applicable population for in vitro fertilization in the United States

（1） Patients with tubal obstruction

For women with severe fallopian tube diseases, such as pelvic inflammatory disease causing fallopian tube blockage and hydrosalpinx, fallopian tube tuberculosis with normal endometrium, fallopian tube blockage and underdevelopment after ectopic pregnancy surgery, tubal ligation surgery, ectopic pregnancy, and bilateral salpingectomy, natural conception is difficult due to impaired fallopian tube function. IVF technology can bypass this obstacle and directly transfer the embryo into the uterus through in vitro fertilization, achieving the possibility of conception.

（2） Patients with unexplained infertility

For patients who cannot find a clear cause of infertility through various examinations and have not been able to conceive through other treatment methods such as intrauterine insemination (IUI), in vitro fertilization technology can be attempted. The in vitro fertilization technology simulates the conception environment in vitro, increasing the chances of sperm and egg binding and providing new fertility hope for such patients.

（3） Male infertility patients

Including men with severe oligozoospermia or azoospermia who require testicular or epididymal puncture to obtain sperm. For such male infertility patients, the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) technique in American IVF technology can directly inject sperm into the cytoplasm of the oocyte, helping to complete the fertilization process and effectively solving the problem of male infertility caused by sperm problems.

（4） Patients with endometriosis and infertility

Endometriosis can affect a woman's fertility and lead to infertility. For such patients, after evaluation, IVF (in vitro fertilization embryo transfer) can be used as appropriate to increase the chances of conception. IVF technology can cultivate embryos in vitro and then transfer them to a suitable location in the uterus, avoiding the interference of endometriosis on the conception process.

（5） Ovulation disorders patients

Patients with ovulation disorders, such as polycystic ovary syndrome and ovarian dysfunction, may not experience mature follicle growth after general ovulation induction treatment. Through the ovulation induction program of in vitro fertilization, the development of follicles can be more accurately controlled, and a sufficient number of mature eggs can be obtained to provide guarantees for subsequent fertilization and embryo culture.

（6） Couples with a family history of genetic disorders or chromosomal abnormalities

Couples with one or both individuals carrying family inherited genes or suffering from chromosomal abnormalities may pass on genetic diseases to the next generation through traditional reproductive methods. The PGS/PGD gene screening and diagnostic technology of the third generation IVF technology in the United States can detect embryos before embryo transfer, screen out healthy embryos for transplantation, effectively reduce the risk of genetic disease transmission, and achieve eugenics and fertility.

4、 The process steps of in vitro fertilization in the United States

（1） Pre consultation and inspection

The patient first needs to contact an IVF clinic in the United States for preliminary consultation, to understand relevant information and procedures. Subsequently, the patient needs to undergo a comprehensive physical examination, including six female sex hormones, AMH (anti Mullerian hormone), negative ultrasound examination, and male semen analysis. These examination results will help doctors evaluate the patient's fertility and develop personalized treatment plans.

（2） Ovulation induction therapy

In order to obtain multiple eggs and improve the success rate of in vitro fertilization, women need to undergo ovulation induction therapy. Doctors will develop appropriate ovulation induction plans based on the patient's physical condition and examination results, using pure natural and side effect free ovulation induction drugs that have been regulated and certified by the US FDA. They will closely monitor the development of follicles through ultrasound and blood tests, and adjust the dosage of drugs in a timely manner. Generally speaking, the process of ovulation induction takes about 8-12 days to complete.

（3） Egg retrieval and sperm retrieval

After the follicles mature, doctors will use a special oocyte retrieval needle to puncture the mature follicles through the vagina under the guidance of ultrasound, and extract the eggs. Egg retrieval is usually performed under intravenous anesthesia, and patients do not experience significant pain. At the same time as female egg retrieval, male sperm retrieval is required. After a special washing process, semen removes factors that are unfavorable for fertilization, leaving high-quality sperm for subsequent in vitro fertilization.

（4） In vitro fertilization

Placing the retrieved eggs and processed sperm in a special culture medium for natural fertilization is known as conventional fertilization. For situations where the quality of sperm is poor or there are difficulties in fertilization, doctors may use intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to directly inject a single sperm into the egg to assist in the fertilization process. After fertilization, the fertilized egg will continue to be cultured in the laboratory.

（5） Embryo culture and genetic screening (if necessary)

The fertilized egg develops in a culture dish, and clinics in the United States typically culture it to the blastocyst stage (day 5-6). During the blastocyst stage, doctors will extract a small number of cells from the blastocyst for genetic screening (PGS/PGD) to check whether the embryo's chromosome number and structure are normal, as well as whether it carries genetic disease genes. Through genetic screening, healthy embryos can be selected for transplantation, improving implantation and pregnancy success rates, and reducing the risk of genetic diseases.

（6） Embryo transfer

After genetic screening or direct selection of high-quality embryos, doctors will choose the appropriate timing for embryo transfer based on the patient's physical condition and endometrial condition. The doctor will use a very thin embryo transfer tube to transfer the best embryo into the mother's uterus through the cervix. The number of embryos to be transferred is determined based on the patient's age, embryo quality, and previous IVF outcomes. Typically, 1-2 embryos are transferred to reduce the risk of multiple pregnancies. The embryo transfer process usually does not require anesthesia, and patients generally do not feel pain.

（7） Luteal support and pregnancy testing

After embryo transfer, patients need luteal support and progesterone supplementation to maintain the thickness and stability of the endometrium, providing a good environment for embryo implantation and development. Generally, 10-14 days after embryo transfer, patients can determine pregnancy through blood or urine tests. If the pregnancy test result is positive, further prenatal examinations are required to ensure a smooth pregnancy.

5、 The cost of in vitro fertilization in the United States

The cost of in vitro fertilization in the United States varies depending on factors such as region, hospital, doctor, patient's specific situation, and the technology used. Generally speaking, the cost of IVF technology in the United States includes diagnostic fees, medical expenses, medication fees, etc. If additional projects such as genetic screening (PGS/PGD), blastocyst culture, and frozen embryos are involved, the cost will increase accordingly. Overall, the cost budget for the entire process is generally between 20000 and 50000 US dollars. However, different insurance companies have different reimbursement policies for in vitro fertilization expenses. Patients can consult their insurance company about the relevant coverage before undergoing in vitro fertilization treatment to reduce their financial burden.

The American IVF technology, with its advanced technology, professional medical team, and personalized services, has brought hope to many infertile families. However, IVF treatment is not suitable for all populations, and the success rate is influenced by multiple factors. When deciding whether to choose IVF in the United States, patients need to fully understand relevant information and make cautious decisions based on their own situation. I hope this article can provide you with valuable reference and wish you a speedy realization of your dream of having children.

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